HEALTH BEHAVIOUR OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN HUNGARY AND INTERNATIONALLY, WITH A FOCUS ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND NUTRITION

Abstract

The constant, multidirectional pressure to conform and the digitalised lifestyle of adoles cents has changed their lifestyles, with physical activity taking a back seat and sedentary activities becoming predominant. The natural reinforcing and protective effect of regular physical activity has an impact on all aspects of life, so it is important to develop a positive attitude and intrinsic motivation in children to exercise regularly. In this way, we can ensure a lifelong active lifestyle and the chance of a quality life. One of the major negative consequences of a fast-paced lifestyle is a change in eating habits, with a shift towards fast food and the consumption of convenience and convenience foods. Adolescent nutrition is of paramount importance for healthy development and growth. Developing healthy eating habits can prevent chronic diseases, avoid micronutrient deficiencies, obesity and reduce the risk of eating disorders. The aim of our study is to provide a comprehensive overview of adolescents’ health behaviour, with a focus on dietary habits and physical activity, in the light of recent national and international research. The analysis compares Hungarian and international data, revealing similarities and differences, and analyses the factors influencing health behaviour. For the analyses, using the Google Scholar and the ResearchGate databases, 5 domestic and 6 international studies were selected from 1285 publications, using search words tai lored to the objectives, using specific screening criteria. While comparing Hungarian and international research, we explored the similarities and differences and analyzed the factors influencing the development of health behavior. Based on the results, it can be said that in the concentration of 60 minutes of physical activity and regular sports outside of school, young people in Hungary achieved better results than their international counterparts. We did not find any difference in dietary and eating habits, as the proportion of those who regularly skipped breakfast was high in all countries, and carbohydrate intake was exceeded, in addition to the fruit consumption did not reach the expected level. Based on the results, recommendations are made for improving prevention and inter vention strategies, promoting health-conscious lifestyles among adolescents, reducing long term health risks and increasing the effectiveness of targeted health promotion programmes.